TS protocol ensures freedom from deadlock that means no transaction ever waits.TO protocol ensures serializability since the precedence graph is as follows:.Advantages and Disadvantages of TO protocol: W_TS(X) denotes the Write time-stamp of data-item X. R_TS(X) denotes the Read time-stamp of data-item X. TS(TI) denotes the timestamp of the transaction Ti. If TS(Ti) Check the following condition whenever a transaction Ti issues a Write(X) operation: Timestamps of all the data items are updated.Ģ.If W_TS(X) If W_TS(X) >TS(Ti) then the operation is rejected.Check the following condition whenever a transaction Ti issues a Read (X) operation: The timestamp ordering protocol also maintains the timestamp of last 'read' and 'write' operation on a data.īasic Timestamp ordering protocol works as follows:ġ.T1 has the higher priority, so it executes first as it is entered the system first. Suppose the transaction T1 has entered the system at 007 times and transaction T2 has entered the system at 009 times. Let's assume there are two transactions T1 and T2.But Timestamp based protocols start working as soon as a transaction is created. The lock-based protocol is used to manage the order between conflicting pairs among transactions at the execution time.To determine the timestamp of the transaction, this protocol uses system time or logical counter. ![]() ![]() The priority of the older transaction is higher that's why it executes first.The order of transaction is nothing but the ascending order of the transaction creation. The Timestamp Ordering Protocol is used to order the transactions based on their Timestamps.Next → ← prev Timestamp Ordering Protocol
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